Lidar observations of gravity wave activity in the upper stratosphere over Toronto

Abstract

The Rayleigh lidar technique has been applied to observe temperature fluctuations induced by gravity waves within the upper stratosphere. Observations were carried out on a routine basis for 1 year (130 clear nights) at the campus of York University near Toronto (44°N, 80°W). The waves were on occasion observed to induce marginal convective instability while exhibiting no substantial vertical amplitude growth. In general, the vertical variation in the amplitude of fractional temperature perturbations and associated available potential energy density implied the waves were strongly dissipated. Dramatic changes in the distribution of spectral energy with respect to vertical wave number were observed over the course of a few hours. The total resolved available potential energy in the gravity wave field varied considerably from day to day and seasonally with a winter maximum and summer minimum.