Irrigation Scheduling for Green Bell Peppers Using Capacitance Soil Moisture Sensors

Abstract

Vegetable production areas are intensively managed with high inputs of fertilizer and irrigation. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the interaction between N-fertilizer rates and irrigation scheduling using soil moisture sensor irrigation controllers (SMS) on yield, irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) of bell pepper cultivated under plastic mulch and drip irrigation. Treatments included three irrigation scheduling and three N-rates (176, 220, and 330 kg/ha). Irrigation treatments were: SS(10), water application controlled by SMS-based irrigation set at 10% volumetric water content (VWC) which was allotted five irrigation windows daily and bypassed events if the soil VWC exceeded the established threshold; SS(12), threshold set at 12% VWC; and TIME, control with irrigation being applied once a day similar to grower irrigation management. Marketable yields ranged between 16 and 29 Mg/ha. The SMS treatments reduced the applied irrigation in 7 to 62% compared to TIME treatment without reducing yield. The treatments SS(10) and SS(12) reduced nitrate leaching by 25 to 73% compared to TIME treatment.