MedicineOrthopaedic SurgeryOrthopedic SurgeryOrthopedicsPerioperative Outcomes ResearchPerioperative SafetyBlood Loss ManagementFracture ManagementPerioperative Blood ManagementFemur FracturesHemoglobin LevelsIntraoperative Blood Loss AssessmentIntraoperative Blood Loss ReductionMinimizing Surgical Blood LossMultiple RegressionOperative Blood LossPerioperative Blood Loss Management
BACKGROUND: Substantial blood losses frequently accompany orthopedic procedures. METHODS: We prospectively noted peri-operative hemoglobin changes in 93 patients undergoing surgery for femoral fracture with an aim of establishing blood loss and related factors. RESULTS: The mean total blood loss assessed 72 hours after the surgical procedure was 3.31 (SD 1.56) units of whole blood. A multiple regression analysis revealed diathermy use and a simple fracture pattern as significant factors in reducing blood loss (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Open intramedullary fixation of femur fractures leads to considerable peri-operative blood loss. This is can be reduced by use of diathermy during surgery.
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Manual handling activities and risk of low back pain in nurses.
Julia Smedley, P. Egger, Cyrus Cooper et al. · Occupational and Environmental Medicine · 1995 · 453 citations · Full text
Low back pain in eight areas of Britain.
Kerryann Walsh, M Cruddas, David Coggon · Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health · 1992 · 252 citations · Full text