World Economy · 2015 · 146 citations · 45 references
Social SciencesAgricultural EconomicsEconomicsInternational EconomicsInternational TradeInternational Trade PolicyCross-border TradeFood Trade EconomicsInternational Food TradePhytosanitary MeasuresTrade ComplianceTrade PolicyAgricultural Trade FlowsCommodity Trade PatternsGravity Model CalibrationGravity Model Of TradeMarket Entry AssessmentMarket Entry PerformancePhytosanitary RegulationsTrade Barrier Assessment
Abstract In an attempt to disentangle the impact of sanitary and phytosanitary ( SPS ) measures on trade patterns, we use the database on specific trade concerns on SPS measures of the WTO . Estimating various gravity model specifications at the HS 4 disaggregated level of trade, we find that aggregated SPS measures constitute obstacles to agricultural and food trade consistently to all exporters. But conditional on market entry, trade flows are positively affected by SPS measures. In addition, we find that SPS measures related to conformity assessment hamper market entry, while SPS measures related to product characteristics increase bilateral trade flows conditional on meeting the standard.
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Sample Selection Bias as a Specification Error
James J. Heckman · Econometrica · 1979 · 28.9K citations
João Santos Silva, Silvana Tenreyro · The Review of Economics and Statistics · 2006 · 6.1K citations · Full text
Trade Liberalisation and “Revealed” Comparative Advantage<sup>1</sup>
Béla Balassa · Manchester School · 1965 · 3.7K citations