Formation of Double‐Walled TiO₂ Nanotubes and Robust Anatase Membranes

Abstract

Anodically grown TiO2 nanotubes have a double-walled structure. The two shells can either be separated or fused together using different thermal annealing treatments. The morphology is determined by the heating rate. Highly regular and robust TiO2 membranes can be obtained with a crystal structure that can be adjusted to an anatase or an anatase/rutile mixture. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.