A Multiweek, Problem-Based Laboratory Project Using Phytoremediation To Remove Copper from Soil. General Chemistry Labs for Teaching Thermodynamics and Equilibrium

Abstract

We describe a set of laboratory exercises centered on a theme of copper pollution and phytoremediation for first-year general chemistry. The chemical concepts covered include: equilibrium, thermodynamics (Gibbs free energy, enthalpy, entropy), redox reactions, and chemical kinetics. We report strong conceptual learning and enhanced affective outcomes for students in the course.