Hybrid modelling of yeast production processes – combination of a priori knowledge on different levels of sophistication

TLDR

Process models encode knowledge for predicting behavior and estimating states when online measurements are lacking, drawing on physically based equations, heuristic rules, fuzzy expert systems, and neural networks, yet a fully integrated hybrid approach has not yet been established. The authors propose a straightforward method to combine all available process knowledge. They apply this method to build a hybrid state‑estimation and prediction model for a yeast production process in a pilot‑scale fermenter. The hybrid model was validated during a cultivation run, demonstrating its feasibility.

Abstract

Abstract Process models are used to formulate knowledge about process behaviour. They are applied, e.g., to predict the process' future behaviour and for state estimation when reliable on‐line measuring techniques to monitor the key variables of the process are not available. There are different sources of information available for modelling, which provide process knowledge in different representations. Some elements or aspects may be described by physically based mathematical models and others by heuristically obtained rules of thumb, while some information may still be hidden in the process data recorded during previous runs of the process. Heuristic rules are conveniently processed with fuzzy expert systems, while artificial neural networks present themselves as a powerful tool for uncovering the information within the process data without the need to transform the information into one of the other representations. Artificial neural networks and fuzzy technology are increasingly being employed for modelling biotechnological processes, thus extending the traditional way of process modelling by mathematical equations. However, a sufficiently comprehensive combination of all these techniques has not yet been put forward. Here, we present a simple way of combining all the available knowledge relating to a given process. In a case study, we demonstrate the development of a hybrid model for state estimation and prediction on the example of a yeast production process. The model was validated during a cultivation performed in a standard pilot‐scale fermenter.