The Action of Different Forms of Pure Silica on the Lungs of Rats

Abstract

<h3>Abstract</h3> Interactions between plants and each neighboring microbial species are fundamental building blocks that collectively determine the structure and function of the plant microbiota, but the molecular basis of such interactions is poorly characterized. Here, we monocolonized <i>Arabidopsis</i> leaves with nine plant-associated bacteria from all major phyla of the plant microbiota and profiled co-transcriptomes of plants and bacteria. These strains elicited quantitatively different plant transcriptional responses including typical pattern-triggered immunity responses. Genes of non-pathogenic bacteria involved in general metabolism and energy production were commonly suppressed <i>in planta</i> in contrast to a virulent pathogen. Various nutrient acquisition pathways that are frequently encoded in the genomes of plant-associated bacteria were induced <i>in planta</i> in a strain-specific manner, shedding light on bacterial adaptation to the plant environment and identifying a potential driving force of niche separation. Integrative analyses of plant and bacterial transcriptomes suggested that the transcriptional reprogramming of plants is largely uncoupled from that of bacteria at an early stage of interactions. This study provides insights into how plants discriminate among bacterial strains and sets the foundation for in-depth mechanistic dissection of plant-microbiota interactions.