Lung mechanics is a field of study dedicated to understanding the physical properties and mechanical behavior of the respiratory system, encompassing the lungs, airways, and chest wall. It quantitatively investigates the relationships between pressure, volume, and flow during breathing, examining key characteristics such as pulmonary compliance, airway resistance, and respiratory system inertia. This academic concept and research area is fundamental for characterizing normal pulmonary function, diagnosing and monitoring respiratory diseases, and informing critical care strategies like mechanical ventilation.