Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · 1992 · 523 citations · 2 references
Natural SciencesBiophysicsPhysicsMolecular BiophysicsProtein FoldingTheoretical BiophysicsFolding KineticsFolding ThermodynamicsProtein DynamicsProtein Folding DynamicsProtein Folding ThermodynamicsProtein StructureFolding Kinetics DeterminantsFolding PathwaysProtein Conformational DynamicsRate-limiting Steps In Folding
Levinthal's paradox is that finding the native folded state of a protein by a random search among all possible configurations can take an enormously long time. Yet proteins can fold in seconds or less. Mathematical analysis of a simple model shows that a small and physically reasonable energy bias against locally unfavorable configurations, of the order of a few kT, can reduce Levinthal's time to a biologically significant size.
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