Hydrogen Molecules in Crystalline Silicon Treated with Atomic Hydrogen

Abstract

We report the first observation of the vibrational Raman spectrum of hydrogen molecules ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ in crystalline silicon treated with hydrogen atoms at 400 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C. The Raman spectrum of ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ in silicon observed at room temperature exhibits a frequency shift of around $4158{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ and a very broad half-width of approximately $34{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$. An isotope shift was also detected at around $2990{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ in silicon treated with deuterium atoms at 400 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C. The frequency shifts of the observed lines are in close agreement with those reported for ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ and ${\mathrm{D}}_{2}$ in the gas, liquid, and solid phases.