Vertical-change index for the particulate transport of chemical and isotopic components in the ocean.

Abstract

Data obtained by recent sediment-trap experiments were compiled to discuss the mechanism for the removal of trace metals from the ocean. The vertical-change index (IM), or the rate constants of first order change with depth, were estimated. The results and the IM values in km-' shown in parentheses are as follows. The total particulate matter flux(-0.05) is nearly constant with depth due to rapid sinking of its major components of tests of biogenic silica(-0.03) and calcium carbonate( 0.05) to the bottom. The organic fraction(-0.27) of settling particles reduces with depth together with components contain ed in soft tissue of organisms such as Cd(-0.23). The fluxes of the lithophile components of Al(+ 0 .22), Fe(+0.17), and 232Th(+0.19) largely increase with depth due to the lateral transport of particles from the continental margin. The large index of Mn(+0.47) is due to the early diagenetic process in the sur face sediment in addition to the simple resuspension. The flux of short-lived 234Th(-0 .01) is saturated, but that of 228Th(-0.14) having no substantial source in the pelagic ocean is the smallest among radiogenic nuclides in seawater. The largest index is found for the long-lived radionuclides such as 230Th(+0 .50) and 231Pa(+0.56). The effect of radioactive decay is somewhat reflected in the indices of 210Pb(+0 .41) and 210Po(+0.43). These results support the train-passengers model proposed by