Impacts of the training and visit extension system on farmers' knowledge and adoption of technology: Evidence from Pakistan

Abstract

This paper provides quantitative evidence on the impact of the Training and Visit (T & V) extension system in the irrigated Punjab of Pakistan. Three models are analyzed using limited dependent variable regressions: the impact of T & V on the number of extension contacts with farmers; the effect of extension contact on farmers' knowledge of wheat technology; and the impact ofT & V on the adoption of improved wheat technology. The first model analyzes the impact of T & V on the quantity of extension contact and the latter two models analyze the effect on the quantity. and quality of extension contact. It is concluded that T & V has increased the quantity but not the quality of extension contact and this, in turn, has increased farmers' knowledge and adoption of technology. However, the overall impacts have been small relative to those observed in a similar area in India.