Advanced Materials · 2004 · 1.3K citations · 15 references
Natural SciencesChemistryMaterials ScienceOptical MaterialsOptoelectronicsPhotonicsFluorescence SpectroscopyLuminescent MaterialsOptical SpectroscopyOptoelectronic MaterialsRare-earth-doped MaterialsUpconversion MaterialsColloidal SolutionsLanthanide-doped MaterialsMulticolor Upconversion EmissionNanocrystalsPhoton Upconversion MaterialsQuantum Yield EnhancementUpconversion LuminescenceUpconversion Spectroscopy
Highly efficient photon upconversion in solution is demonstrated for the first time. Transparent colloidal solutions of Yb/Er and Yb/Tm doped NaYF4 nanocrystals show bright upconversion emission in the red, green, and blue spectral region by excitation around 1 μm with a laser of moderate power (see Figure). These new systems show a substantial improvement on the order of 108 compared to previously reported systems.
15
Two-Photon Laser Scanning Fluorescence Microscopy
Winfried Denk, James H. Strickler, Watt W. Webb · Science · 1990 · 9.4K citations
Quantum Dot Bioconjugates for Ultrasensitive Nonisotopic Detection
Warren C. W. Chan, Shuming Nie · Science · 1998 · 7.2K citations
In Vivo Imaging of Quantum Dots Encapsulated in Phospholipid Micelles
Benoît Dubertret, Paris A. Skourides, David J. Norris et al. · Science · 2002 · 3K citations
Water-Soluble Quantum Dots for Multiphoton Fluorescence Imaging in Vivo
Daniel R. Larson, Warren R. Zipfel, Rebecca M. Williams et al. · Science · 2003 · 2.3K citations