Measurement of the ratio of double-to-single photoionization of helium at 2.8 keV using synchrotron radiation

Abstract

We report the first measurement of the ratio of double-to-single photoionization of helium well above the double-ionization threshold. Using a time-of-flight technique, we find ${\mathrm{He}}^{++}$/${\mathrm{He}}^{+}$=1.6\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.3% at h\ensuremath{\nu}=2.8 keV. This value lies between calculations by Amusia (2.3%) and by Samson, who predicts 1.2% by analogy with electron-impact ionization cross sections of singly charged ions. Good agreement is obtained with older shake calculations of Byron and Joachain, and of \AA{}berg, who predict 1.7%.