The Kinematic Status and Mass Content of the Sculptor Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy

Abstract

We present VLT FLAMES spectroscopic observations (R similar to 6500) in the Ca II triplet region for 470 probable kinematic members of the Sculptor (Scl) dwarf spheroidal galaxy. The accurate velocities (+/- 2 km s(-1)) and large area coverage of Scl allow us to measure a velocity gradient of 7.6(-2.2)(+3.0) km s(-1) deg(-1) along the projected major axis of Scl, likely a signature of intrinsic rotation. We also use our kinematic data to measure the mass distribution within this system. By considering independently the kinematics of the two distinct stellar components known to be present in Scl, we are able to relieve known degeneracies and find that the observed velocity dispersion profiles are best fitted by a cored dark matter halo with core radius kpc and mass enclosed within the gamma(c) = 0.5 kpc last measured point M(< 1.8 kpc) = (3.4 +/- 0.7) x 10(8) M-circle dot, assuming an increasingly radially anisotropic velocity, ellipsoid. This results in a mass-to-light ratio of 158 +/- 33 (M/L)(circle dot) inside 1.8 kpc. An NFW profile with concentration c = 20 and mass M(< 1.8 kpc) = 2.2(-0.7)(+1.0) x 10(8) M-circle dot is also statistically consistent with the ob- servations, but it tends to yield poorer fits for the metal-rich stars.