Interleukin-1 Stimulation of Astroglial Proliferation After Brain Injury

TLDR

Interleukins, key regulators of immune function, can mediate inflammation following brain injury. Interleukin‑1 strongly stimulates astroglial proliferation but not oligodendroglial growth, and its activity is present in injured rat brains, indicating it may drive astroglial scar formation after brain injury.

Abstract

The interleukins, which have a regulatory role in immune function, may also mediate inflammation associated with injury to the brain. In experiments to determine the effect of these peptide hormones on glial cell proliferation in culture, interleukin-1 was a potent mitogen for astroglia but had no effect on oligodendroglia. Interleukin-2 did not alter the growth of either type of glial cell. Activity similar to that of interleukin-1 was detected in brains of adult rats 10 days after the brains had been injured. These findings suggest that interleukin-1, released by inflammatory cells, may promote the formation of scars by astroglia in the damaged mammalian brain.