Gamma Globulin against Rubella in Pregnancy: <i>I. Prevention of Maternal Rubella by Gamma Globulin and Convalescent Gamma Globulin: a Follow‐Up Study</i>

Abstract

Summary In the present investigation, 251 women —who in 1956 had been exposed to rubella in the first 4 months of pregnancy—were given 4 ml of convalescent gamma globulin. An account is given of a follow‐up study, with examination of their children at 2–3 years of age. All but 5 cases were traced. Despite treatment; six women contracted rubella, i.e., an attack rate of 2.4%. Three of these six women aborted, and one had a child with malformations of the rubella syndrome type. Two of the 245 women showing no signs of manifest rubella had children with defects that might be ascribed to inapparent maternal rubella. Another 28 pregnant women were given 24 ml of ordinary pooled gamma globulin. None contracted rubella, two had spontaneous abortions, and one gave birth to a child with mongolism. The present investigation indicates that convalescent gamma globulin and ordinary gamma globulin have a protective effect against rubella. The following dosage is recommended for future use in pregnant women exposed to rubella. Rubella convalescent gamma globulin (12%), 12 ml i.m. as soon as possible after exposure; when this is not available, pooled gamma globulin (12%), 24 ml i.m.