British Journal of Developmental Psychology · 2006 · 356 citations · 34 references
Social SciencesHuman DevelopmentPsychologyChild DevelopmentDevelopmental PsychologyVisual PerceptionPerspective TakingSpatial CognitionLevel 1 Perspective TakingPerspective Taking In ChildhoodVisual Perspective Taking
The study aimed to identify the earliest age at which children exhibit Level 1 visual perspective‑taking, recognizing that another person’s view may differ from their own. An adult searched for an object that was either openly visible or hidden behind an occluder from the adult’s view but visible to the child, and the child was asked to assist. Only 24‑month‑old children, not 18‑month‑olds, chose the occluded object when helping the adult, indicating that Level 1 perspective‑taking emerges by 24 months.
The current study sought to determine the age at which children first engage in Level 1 visual perspective‐taking, in which they understand that the content of what another person sees in a situation may sometimes differ from what they see. An adult entered the room searching for an object. One candidate object was out in the open, whereas another was visible for the child but behind an occluder from the adult's perspective. When asked to help the adult find the sought‐for object, 24‐month‐old children, but not 18‐month‐old children, handed him the occluded object (whereas in a control condition they showed no preference for the occluded toy). We argue that the performance of the 24‐month‐olds requires Level 1 visual perspective‐taking skills and that this is the youngest age at which these skills have been demonstrated.
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