Coherent effects on the Zeeman sublevels of hyperfine states at the D₁and D₂lines of Rb

Abstract

Subnatural-width resonances due to coherent effects in optical pumping at hyperfine (hf) transitions of Rb are investigated using a linearly or circularly polarized single-frequency diode laser beam. The sign and amplitude of the resonances in the fluorescence are measured by scanning the laser frequency over the hf transitions of the Rb D1 and D2 lines. The fluorescence perpendicular to the laser beam is detected as a function of magnetic field parallel to the beam propagation and scanned around zero value. In the case of linear polarization of the field, dark resonances are observed for hf transitions with Fg→Fe = Fg-1 and Fg→Fe = Fg, and bright resonances are observed for transitions with Fg→Fe = Fg + 1. This is in agreement with the recently developed theories. For all (except Fg = 2→Fe = 3, 85Rb, D1 line) hf transitions the sign of the resonances reverses when the polarization of the field changes to circular. The amplitudes of the resonances correspond to the probability of the hf transitions and to the calculated loss rate of the population to the ground hf level not excited by the laser field. The observed narrow resonances (FWHM: few tens of kHz) and their sensitivity to weak magnetic fields are interesting for high-resolution spectroscopy and for development of simple and precise magnetometers.