Biomass Densification Methods and Mechanism

Abstract

Densification of agricultural residues may be used as fuel for the generation of energy. Some of the methods available for compaction of the residues are the piston press, screw press, roller press and palletizing machines. Many researchers have tried the densification mechanism of different biomasses. It involves application of attractive forces between solid particles, interfacial forces, capillary pressure, adhesive and cohesive forces, mechanical interlocking behavior and formation of solid bridges. Strength of the compactness depends upon material characteristics and process variables like pressure, temperature and use of binding materials. This article reviews the different biomass densification methods and its mechanism. A comparative study has been made for different methods.