Pulse dynamics in mode-locked lasers: relaxation oscillations and frequency pulling

Abstract

A theoretical description of the pulse dynamics in a modelocked laser including gain dynamics is developed. Relaxation oscillations and frequency pulling are predicted that influence the pulse parameters. Experimental observations of the response of a mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser to an abrupt change in the pump power confirm that the predicted behavior occurs. These results provide a framework for understanding the effects of noise on the spectrum of the laser.