Photoemission Study on Protonic Conductor CaZrO₃: Evidence of the Exchange Mechanism of Proton and Hole

Abstract

The exchange mechanism of proton and hole in protonic conductor CaZrO 3 has been investigated by photoemission spectroscopy. The Fermi level is higher by about 1.0 eV through proton doping, indicating that protons exchange with holes. The defect chemical calculation proves that the change of the number of the protons, holes, and the oxygen vacancies by the proton doping accords with the photoemission process.