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A Global Perspective of Smart Cities: A Survey
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2013
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Urban GeographyUrban DesignEngineeringUrban ApplicationEnergy EfficiencySmart CitySmart CitiesTechnological RevolutionSmart City GovernanceMobile ComputingInternet Of ThingsSmart InfrastructureSmart EnvironmentTechnologySmart SocietyIntellectual PropertySocial SciencesIndustrial Informatics
Recent technological advances in ICT have transformed communication, work, travel, and living, prompting cities to evolve into intelligent, energy‑efficient, and sustainable infrastructures. This article surveys the principal smart‑city applications and their implementation status in major global cities. The authors analyze patents for core smart‑city technologies to identify leading countries and firms and examine how these patents relate to current smart‑city deployments.
The technological revolution that has taken place in recent decades, driven by advances and developments in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) has revolutionized the way people communicate, work, travel, live, etc. Cities need to evolve towards intelligent dynamic infrastructures that serve citizens fulfilling the criteria of energy efficiency and sustainability. This article provides an overview of the main smart city applications, and their implementation status in major cities around the world. We also present a study of patents on basic smart city technologies in order to show which countries and companies are making greater efforts to register the intellectual property. The relation between patented technologies and current ongoing smart city applications is also investigated.