The determination of extinction distances and anomalous absorption coefficients by scanning transmission electron microscopy

Abstract

Abstract A simple and relatively accurate technique for determining extinction distance ζg and anomalous absorption coefficient ζg/ζg′ is described. The method uses measurements made on convergent beam diffraction patterns obtained with a commercial scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) fitted with a specially designed condenser aperture. Results obtained for various reflections in copper are compared with theoretical values taken from the literature.