Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · 2007 · 17 citations · 32 references
MedicineGeneticsPsychiatryAbnormal PsychologyBehavioral GeneticsPersonality PsychologyAffective DisordersBipolar DisordersDepressive DisordersPersonality DisordersPsychiatric DiagnosisPsychiatric GeneticsBipolar Spectrum DisordersBorderline Personality Disorder ComorbidityBorderline Personality FeaturesBorderline Personality TraitsClinical ComorbidityDisorderMajor DepressionMolecular Genetics Of Personality
OBJECTIVE: To compare the personality, clinical and comorbidity characteristics of subjects meeting diagnostic criteria for bipolar disorder not otherwise specified (BDNOS) to those with major depression and bipolar I or II disorder. METHODS: A family-based study was undertaken on the molecular genetics of depression and personality, in which the proband had been treated for depression, regardless of history, of hypomania or mania. RESULTS: The 25 subjects with BDNOS were different to the 297 subjects with major depression and similar to 75 subjects with bipolar I or II disorder on social phobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder and substance dependence comorbidity. The BDNOS subjects also had personality traits more akin to the bipolar I or II disorder subjects, especially borderline personality traits and self transcendence. CONCLUSIONS: Subjects with BDNOS, based on a history of 1-3 day recurrent hypomanias, should be included within a broader bipolar spectrum.
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Cross-National Epidemiology of Major Depression and Bipolar Disorder
Myrna M. Weissman · JAMA · 1996 · 2.2K citations