Specificity of the Chromodomain Y Chromosome Family of Chromodomains for Lysine-methylated ARK(S/T) Motifs

Abstract

Previous studies have shown two homologous chromodomain modules in the HP1 and Polycomb proteins exhibit discriminatory binding to related methyllysine residues (embedded in ARKS motifs) of the histone H3 tail. Methylated ARK(S/T) motifs have recently been identified in other chromatin factors (e.g. linker histone H1.4 and lysine methyltransferase G9a). These are thought to function as peripheral docking sites for the HP1 chromodomain. In vertebrates, HP1-like chromodomains are also present in the chromodomain Y chromosome (CDY) family of proteins adjacent to a putative catalytic motif. The human genome encodes three CDY family proteins, CDY, CDYL, and These have putative of histone to of the of the CDY family of methyllysine The CDY chromodomain discriminatory binding to ARK(S/T) the chromodomain to ARK(S/T) in the chromodomain binding in and in In of the in binding of the the CDY family proteins exhibit in chromatin studies the of in a for Previous studies have shown two homologous chromodomain modules in the HP1 and Polycomb proteins exhibit discriminatory binding to related methyllysine residues (embedded in ARKS motifs) of the histone H3 tail. Methylated ARK(S/T) motifs have recently been identified in other chromatin factors (e.g. linker histone H1.4 and lysine methyltransferase G9a). These are thought to function as peripheral docking sites for the HP1 chromodomain. In vertebrates, HP1-like chromodomains are also present in the chromodomain Y chromosome (CDY) family of proteins adjacent to a putative catalytic motif. The human genome encodes three CDY family proteins, CDY, CDYL, and These have putative of histone to of the of the CDY family of methyllysine The CDY chromodomain discriminatory binding to ARK(S/T) the chromodomain to ARK(S/T) in the chromodomain binding in and in In of the in binding of the the CDY family proteins exhibit in chromatin studies the of in a for The human Y chromosome been and Y of and The Y are to in for and Y chromosome are and present in the human Y chromosome CDY, CDY, chromodomain Y CDY, chromodomain Y the Y chromosome CDY, a of CDY in human CDY to the and in of and The genome also encodes related and The of to a of and In and to family proteins have two in histone and a chromodomain putative catalytic shown the chromodomain of human CDY lysine of the histone H3 The been in chromatin function of of histone function of histone to sites of modules chromatin The HP1 and Polycomb chromodomains are to the chromodomains of CDY family proteins, two lysine residues ARKS motifs in the H3 and the ARK(S/T) the of chromodomain HP1 chromodomains are to a as are of the adjacent in the H3 in of histone of histone H3 in of chromatin for and H3 been In human three histone H3 and are a These have to the ARKS in the identified in of binding been ARKS in the of a linker histone in of also been identified in the lysine methyltransferase a of ARK(S/T) motifs in human The the HP1 chromodomain in the human also in of lysine residues ARK(S/T) motifs to the of a for a of in and the of the chromodomains in the CDY family studies a in discriminatory of CDY and chromodomains ARK(S/T) for a The and the of the to histone are the of for as binding the chromodomains of human CDY residues human residues residues and residues and the sites of the CDY and a for as proteins are for the of human CDY and human CDYL, the for the and the and the sites of the to the proteins the in and and proteins of CDY and in and and CDY chromodomain for for chromodomain for chromodomain for for for binding of and in the of a a a binding as as a of CDY HP1 and in and in the chromodomain of the of of the H3 of chromodomain HP1 of the the and of in a as the and in for and in for for and the in a for and in for and the for in a in for a a in to H3 Methylated CDY of chromodomains to HP1 and Polycomb chromodomains residues shown to for a methyllysine binding in HP1 and Polycomb chromodomains the chromodomains of the proteins have the in the function of to the chromodomain of been in the a of the the of the HP1 chromodomain CDY and a have to HP1 and Polycomb chromodomains are the CDY family chromodomains are modules a binding of the CDY chromodomain to and identified the and for histone lysine residues the three CDY family chromodomains of CDY, CDYL, and in and the chromodomain and a the of the the chromodomain proteins in to binding to to the histone H3 tail. 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the histone H3 tail. 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