Infiltration of Foxp3‐ and Toll‐like Receptor‐4–positive Cells in the Intestines of Children With Food Allergy

Abstract

Foxp3 cells are increased in the duodenum of patients with untreated FA, but these cells are not able to suppress the harmful immune response, indicated by the low expression of Foxp3 transcripts. The increase of TLR4 cells and their correlation with TCRgammadelta intraepithelial lymphocytes suggest a role for the innate immunity and intestinal microbiota in FA.