The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America · 1999 · 341 citations · 18 references
Health ProfessionsAudiologyPhysicsAcousticsHearing SciencePsychoacousticsAcoustic MeasurementAuditory ThresholdsFrequency ResponseFrequency SelectivitySpeech AcousticsSpeech AudiometryBroadband NoiseComputational Auditory PerceptionFrequency Modulation ResponsesFrequency Selectivity In NoiseSpectral Cues In SpeechSpeech Intelligibility MeasurementTemporal Modulation Detection ThresholdTemporal Modulation Transfer Function
The authors use the model to show how spectro‑temporal modulation transfer functions could inform speech intelligibility assessments in noisy and reverberant environments. Detection thresholds for spectral and temporal modulations were measured with broadband spectra containing sinusoidally rippled profiles drifting along the log‑frequency axis, and the resulting spectro‑temporal MTFs were derived as functions of ripple peak density and drifting velocity. The MTFs display a low‑pass behavior in both spectral and temporal dimensions, with 50 % bandwidths of roughly 16 Hz and 2 cycles/octave, and the data replicate previously reported purely temporal and spectral MTFs. The paper cites earlier temporal and spectral MTF studies and introduces a computational auditory model that reproduces the observed spectro‑temporal MTF trends.
Detection thresholds for spectral and temporal modulations are measured using broadband spectra with sinusoidally rippled profiles that drift up or down the log-frequency axis at constant velocities. Spectro-temporal modulation transfer functions (MTFs) are derived as a function of ripple peak density (Ω cycles/octave) and drifting velocity (ω Hz). The MTFs exhibit a low-pass function with respect to both dimensions, with 50% bandwidths of about 16 Hz and 2 cycles/octave. The data replicate (as special cases) previously measured purely temporal MTFs (Ω=0) [Viemeister, J. Acoust. Voc. Soc. Am. 66, 1364–1380 (1979)] and purely spectral MTFs (ω=0) [Green, in Auditory Frequency Selectivity (Plenum, Cambridge, 1986), pp. 351–359]. A computational auditory model is presented that exhibits spectro-temporal MTFs consistent with the salient trends in the data. The model is used to demonstrate the potential relevance of these MTFs to the assessment of speech intelligibility in noise and reverberant conditions.
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Speech Recognition with Primarily Temporal Cues
Robert V. Shannon, Fan‐Gang Zeng, Vivek Kamath et al. · Science · 1995 · 3.1K citations
Hynek Heřmanský, N. Morgan · IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing · 1994 · 1.8K citations