Assessment dynamic ratio for traffic loading on highway bridges

Abstract

The determination of characteristic bridge load effect is a complex problem. Usually, statistical extrapolation of simulated static load effects is used to derive a lifetime characteristic static load effect. However, when a vehicle crosses a bridge, dynamic interactions occur which often cause greater total load effect. This total load effect is related to the static load effect through a dynamic amplification factor (DAF). Specifications often recommend a conservative level for DAF, based on bridge length, number of lanes, and type of load effect only. Therefore significant improvements in the accuracy of this calculation are possible if a DAF, specific to the considered bridge, is applied. In this paper, the authors develop a novel method that considers site-specific bridge and traffic load conditions and allows for the reduced probability of both high static loading and high dynamic interaction occurring simultaneously. This approach utilises multivariate extreme value theory, in conjunction with static simulations and finite element vehicle–bridge dynamic interaction models. It is found that the dynamic allowance for the sample bridge and traffic considered is significantly less than recommended by bridge codes. This finding can have significant implications for the assessment of existing bridge stock.