Levetiracetam, Phenytoin, and Valproate Act Differently on Rat Bone Mass, Structure, and Metabolism

Abstract

PHT, VPA, and LEV exert differential effects on bone mass and strength, suggesting different mechanisms of action. The weakening effect of low-dose LEV on the femoral neck, despite a constant BMD, suggests a primary effect on bone quality. These findings warrant further human studies of possible adverse effects of LEV on bone development and growth, particularly in children and adolescents.