A study of the Formvar replica process

Abstract

A detailed study has been made of Formvar replicas of various depths of structure. Plain replicas, shadowed replicas and replicas shadowed on the back surface were prepared from each specimen and identical areas were photographed in the electron microscope. An interferometer microscope was used to measure the depths of structure on the metal specimens and on the back surfaces of the replicas. A reconstruction has thus been obtained of the shape of the replica cross-section under various conditions.