Hot electron injection driven phase transitions

Abstract

We report on a general mechanism for photo-induced phase transitions. The process relies on the photo-injection of hot electrons from an adjacent metallic layer to trigger the structural dynamics of the materials of interest. This mechanism is demonstrated for the semiconductor-to-metal phase transition of VO${}_{2}$ using a 20 nm Au injection layer. The nature of the phase transition is demonstrated by time-resolved optical transmission measurements, as well as a well defined bias dependence that illustrates that the Au film is the source of nonequilibrium electrons driving the phase transition.