VANET Routing on City Roads Using Real-Time Vehicular Traffic Information

TLDR

The study introduces road‑based vehicular traffic (RBVT) routing protocols designed to outperform existing VANET routing schemes in urban environments. RBVT protocols build intersection‑based paths from real‑time traffic data, forward packets geographically between intersections, and in dense networks use a receiver‑based, multicriterion hop election that accounts for nonuniform radio propagation; the authors implemented reactive RBVT‑R and proactive RBVT‑P and benchmarked them against standard VANET protocols. Simulations show RBVT‑R achieves up to 40 % higher delivery rates, while RBVT‑P reduces average delay by up to 85 % compared with other VANET protocols.

Abstract

This paper presents a class of routing protocols called road-based using vehicular traffic (RBVT) routing, which outperforms existing routing protocols in city-based vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). RBVT protocols leverage real-time vehicular traffic information to create road-based paths consisting of successions of road intersections that have, with high probability, network connectivity among them. Geographical forwarding is used to transfer packets between intersections on the path, reducing the path's sensitivity to individual node movements. For dense networks with high contention, we optimize the forwarding using a distributed receiver-based election of next hops based on a multicriterion prioritization function that takes nonuniform radio propagation into account. We designed and implemented a reactive protocol RBVT-R and a proactive protocol RBVT-P and compared them with protocols representative of mobile ad hoc networks and VANETs. Simulation results in urban settings show that RBVT-R performs best in terms of average delivery rate, with up to a 40% increase compared with some existing protocols. In terms of average delay, RBVT-P performs best, with as much as an 85% decrease compared with the other protocols.