Freshwater aquaculture in <scp>PR C</scp>hina: trends and prospects

TLDR

China dominates global aquaculture, contributing 65.7 % of global and 63.6 % of freshwater production in 2011, up from 36.1 % and 38.5 % in 1980, yet detailed accounts of subsectors and regional variations remain scarce. The review seeks to chart inland aquaculture development trends across China, covering production, species, culture modes, marketing, and to examine emerging issues and sustainability pathways. The authors conduct a comprehensive review tracing inland aquaculture trends over time and space, analyzing production, species, culture modes, marketing, and evaluating emerging challenges and sustainability strategies. China’s aquaculture has shifted fish supply from wild capture to farming, reducing dependence on hunted fish, and the bulk of inland aquaculture occurs in provinces between 110–120°E and 19–35°N, mainly in the Yangtze and Pearl River basins.

Abstract

Abstract It is acknowledged that China is the mainstay in global aquaculture, contributing for example, 65.7 (of 76 321 310 t) and 63.6 (of 38 994 913 t) per cent to total global and freshwater aquaculture production, respectively, in 2011, significantly increasing the corresponding contributions from 36.1 and 38.5% of the global total (7 359 881 t) and global freshwater (2 342 706 t) aquaculture production in 1980. Overall, aquaculture production in China in turn has enabled to reduce our dependence on food fish supplies from a hunted to a farmed origin, like all the other staples. However, there are very few accounts on different subsectors of aquaculture in China and even less on variations in aquaculture developments within the country. This review attempts to trace the development trends in inland aquaculture in China in time and space and includes aspects on production, types and modes of culture, species cultured and marketing. It is evident that though inland aquaculture is practised in most provinces of China, the great bulk of it occurs in the area that lies approximately between 110 and 120 °E and 19 and 35 °N, in the Yangtze and Pearl River basins. The review also addresses emerging issues on freshwater aquaculture and possible ways of achieving sustainability in the long term.