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The Chemistry and Phytotoxicity of Arsenic in Soils: I. Contaminated Field Soils
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1971
Year
Environmental ChemistryAbstract ArsenicEngineeringEnvironmental EngineeringField SoilsMetal ContaminationSoil ChemistrySoil PollutionEnvironmental RemediationReactive FeSoil ContaminationToxicologyEcotoxicologyEnvironmental ToxicologyResidual As
Abstract Arsenic (As) residues on 58 surface soil samples taken from soils with a history of As application averaged 165 ppm As, while nearby soils not treated averaged 13 ppm As. Most of the residual As was found as Fe‐As (0.1 N NaOH extractable) by a modified soil P procedure. Water‐soluble As (1 N NH 4 Cl extractable) was detected in soils from two states. Other forms, Al‐ and Ca‐As (0.5 N NH 4 F and 0.5 N H 2 SO 4 extractable As, respectively), may predominate if the amount of “reactive” Al or Ca is high and reactive Fe is low. Bioassay of the contaminated and uncontaminated soils showed a correlation of 0.74 between growth reduction and total As and 0.82 with a summation of As fractions. Plants were tolerant to large As applications (670 ppm As) to soils which were high in reactive (1 N NaOH extractable) Al.