Annals of the Association of American Geographers · 1971 · 128 citations · 1 references
EducationGeographyHuman DevelopmentCartographyChild DevelopmentCognitive DevelopmentGeography EducationSpatial CognitionCartographic LiteracyChildren's GeographiesDevelopmental Spatial CognitionHuman Development MeasurementMap CognitionMap LiteracyMap PerceptionMap Skills
ABSTRACT Cross-cultural and developmental research on the untaught mapping abilities of children aged five through ten suggests that mapping behavior is a normal and important process in human development, and that map learning begins long before the child encounters formal geography and cartography. The results of this research may lead to new strategies in early geographic education and new insights on early geographic learning.
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Cognitive maps in rats and men.
E. C. Tolman · Psychological Review · 1948 · 6.7K citations