Probing the electrostatic environment of bilayer graphene using Raman spectra

Abstract

The Raman shift, broadening, and relative Raman intensities of bilayer graphene are computed as functions of the electron concentration. We include dynamic effects for the phonon frequencies and we consider the gap induced in the band structure of bilayer graphene by an external electric field. We show that from the analysis of the Raman spectra of gated bilayer graphene it is possible to quantitatively identify the amount of charges coming from the atmosphere and from the substrate. These findings suggest that Raman spectroscopy of bilayer graphene can be used to characterize the electrostatic environment of few-layers graphene.