Journal of Agricultural Science · 2012 · 164 citations · 13 references
EngineeringAgricultural EngineeringHydraulic EngineeringHydraulicsIrrigation EngineeringIrrigationIrrigation EquipmentIrrigation HydraulicsIrrigation System DesignSprinkler IrrigationWater Loss ControlIrrigation DesignPipesPressure Distribution In Irrigation SystemsPressure HeadPressure Loss CalculationsSystem Hydraulics
Accurate pressure‑loss calculation is critical for sprinkle and trickle irrigation design, as incorrect adjustments can impair performance or cause system failure. This study compares the pressure‑loss‑adjusting capability of single versus tapered pipes using HydroCalc software. Pressure loss is adjusted by varying pressure head through tapered pipes, and the study evaluates single and tapered pipe configurations with HydroCalc. Both single and tapered laterals can adjust pressure loss, but single manifolds fail to reach desired head; in single lateral‑tapered manifold systems the lower loss permits a wider range of pipe diameters, whereas the higher loss in tapered lateral‑tapered systems restricts choices, with optimal tapered manifold diameters being 69.2‑36.8 mm, 69.2‑58.2‑36.8 mm, 58.2‑46.0‑36.8 mm for single lateral and 69.2‑46.0‑36.8 mm for tapered lateral.
Accurate computing of amount of pressure loss is very important in sprinkle and trickle irrigation system design. Not correctly adjusted of pressure loss are causes lack of appropriate performance or failure of sprinkle and trickle irrigation system. By tapered pipes, pressure loss adjusted using increasing or decreasing of pressure head. In this study using HydroCalc software, ability of single and tapered pipes in pressure loss adjusting has been compared. Single and tapered laterals were able to adjusting of pressure loss but single manifolds were not able to achieving to the desired pressure head. In single lateral-tapered manifold system due to the lower pressure loss in laterals, can be use from several types of pipe diameters for manifolds but in tapered lateral-tapered manifold system due to the more pressure loss in laterals, the choice is limited. The best diameters for tapered manifolds with single lateral were 69.2-36.8 mm, 69.2-58.2-36.8 mm, and 58.2-46.0-36.8 mm whereas the best diameters for tapered manifold with tapered lateral were 69.2-46.0-36.8 mm.
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