Heptamethine Cyanine Dyes with a Large Stokes Shift and Strong Fluorescence: A Paradigm for Excited-State Intramolecular Charge Transfer

Abstract

New heptamethine cyanine dyes with an alkylamino group at the central position were found to exhibit a large Stokes shift (>140 nm) and strong fluorescence. They were suggested to be a new paradigm for excited-state intramolecular charge transfer (ICT). The configuration change of the bridgehead amine accompanying ICT was investigated in different viscosity and pH media.