A versatile peptide p<b><i>I</i></b> calculator for phosphorylated and N‐terminal acetylated peptides experimentally tested using peptide isoelectric focusing

Abstract

We experimentally demonstrate the use of an in-house developed pI calculator which takes into account peptide PTM such as phosphorylation and N-terminal acetylation. The pI calculator was utilized for a large set of peptides derived from a complex zebrafish lysate fractionated using peptide IEF, whereby a good correlation between the calculated (theoretical) pI and the experimental pI could be established. This pI calculator permits the implementation of optimal pK values depending on the experimental conditions and a reliable calculation of peptide pI which can be utilized as a filtering technique in validating peptide identifications. Our data reveal that the shift due to a phosphorylation or N-terminal acetylation is highly dependent on the presence of acidic or basic residues in the peptide. Furthermore, using this pI calculator, we revealed previously unknown position-specific pKs of asparagine and carbamidomethylated cysteine depending on their location in the peptide. Collectively, this peptide pI calculator is a welcome addition to the versatility and robustness of IEF for the separation and confident identification of (post-translationally modified) peptides.