Maternal Responsiveness and Children's Achievement of Language Milestones

TLDR

Maternal responsiveness is multidimensional and its specific role in mother–child language relations is a key area of study. The study examined how different dimensions of maternal responsiveness influence the timing of five early expressive language milestones in 40 children. The authors used event‑history analysis on data from videotaped mother–child free play at 9 and 13 months and biweekly maternal interviews through 21 months to assess how responsiveness predicts milestone timing. Maternal responsiveness at both 9 and 13 months predicted milestone timing beyond child behaviors, with 13‑month responsiveness being a stronger predictor and some dimensions more predictive than others.

Abstract

This prospective longitudinal study examined the contribution of dimensions of maternal responsiveness (descriptions, play, imitations) to the timing of five milestones in children's ( N = 40) early expressive language: first imitations, first words, 50 words in expressive language, combinatorial speech, and the use of language to talk about the past. Events‐History Analysis, a statistical technique that estimates the extent to which predictors influence the timing of events, was used. At 9 and 13 months, maternal responsiveness and children's activities (e.g., vocalizations, play) were coded from videotaped interactions of mother – child free play; information about children's language acquisition was obtained through biweekly interviews with mothers from 9 through 21 months. Maternal responsiveness at both ages predicted the timing of children's achieving language milestones over and above children's observed behaviors. Responsiveness at 13 months was a stronger predictor of the timing of language milestones than was responsiveness at 9 months, and certain dimensions of responsiveness were more predictive than others. The multidimensional nature of maternal responsiveness and specificity in mother – child language relations are discussed.