Enzyme Diffusion from <i>Trichoderma atroviride</i> (= <i>T. harzianum</i> P1) to <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> Is a Prerequisite for Triggering of <i>Trichoderma ech42</i> Gene Expression before Mycoparasitic Contact

Abstract

A plate confrontation experiment is commonly used to study the mechanism by which Trichoderma spp. antagonize and parasitize other fungi. Previous work with chitinase gene expression (ech42) during the precontact period of this process in which cellophane and dialysis membranes separated Trichoderma harzianum and its host Rhizoctonia solani resulted in essentially opposite results. Here, we show that cellophane membranes are permeable to proteins up to at least 90 kDa in size but that dialysis membranes are not. ech42 was expressed during the precontact stage of the confrontation between Trichoderma atroviride and its host only if the cellophane was placed between the two fungi. These results are consistent with enzyme diffusion from T. atroviride to R. solani generating the trigger of ech42 gene expression.