Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics · 1990 · 13 citations · 6 references
Bupivacaine SolutionsBupivacaine ActivityLocal Anesthetic PharmacologyFactors Influencing PrecipitationPain ManagementDifferent Bupivacaine SolutionsAnesthesiaMedicineAnesthetic PharmacologyAnesthesiology
Solutions of bupivacaine precipitate when bicarbonate is added. This limits the clinical use of pH-adjustment in optimizing bupivacaine activity. In this study four different bupivacaine solutions were studied with the addition of sodium bicarbonate at 4 degrees C or 20 degrees C. Bupivacaine concentrations remained unchanged after pH-adjustment. Least crystallization was observed with bupivacaine solutions containing a small amount of sodium bicarbonate and stored at 4 degrees C.
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Effect of pH-adjustment of bupivacaine on onset and duration of epidural analgesia in parturients
Graham H. McMorland, M. Joanne Douglas, Wayne K. Jeffery et al. · Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d anesthésie · 1986 · 76 citations · Full text
Pain Medicine, Postoperative Pain Management, Epidural Analgesia +5