Physical Review Letters · 1989 · 962 citations · 15 references
Natural SciencesPhysicsOpticsPhotonicsQuantum MechanicsAtomic TransitionsElectronic Excited StatesLaser OpticsLaser PhysicsOptical SourcesQuantum OpticsExcited-state AbsorptionExcited-state ConfigurationsLasersOptical AbsorptionPopulation InversionStimulated Emission
A single lasing mode driven by a three-level ``quantum-beat'' atomic configuration can show gain without population inversion or optical absorption into an excited state without spontaneous or stimulated emission.
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Effects of Configuration Interaction on Intensities and Phase Shifts
U. Fano · Physical Review · 1961 · 11.1K citations
Spectral Distribution of Atomic Oscillator Strengths
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Theory of the quantum-beat laser
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