Information Aggregation, Rationality, and the Condorcet Jury Theorem

David Austen‐Smith, Jeffrey S. Banks

American Political Science Review · 1996 · 1.1K citations · 15 references

Concepts

TL;DR

The Condorcet Jury Theorem shows that a majority is more likely than a single voter to choose the better of two alternatives, yet most proofs assume voters act sincerely—a seemingly harmless assumption given a common preference. The authors seek a rational‑choice foundation for the claim that majorities always outperform individuals, a foundation that has not yet been established. They find that sincere voting is not rational even when voters share a common preference, as it fails to constitute a Nash equilibrium.

Abstract

The Condorcet Jury Theorem states that majorities are more likely than any single individual to select the “better” of two alternatives when there exists uncertainty about which of the two alternatives is in fact preferred. Most extant proofs of this theorem implicitly make the behavioral assumption that individuals vote “sincerely” in the collective decision making, a seemingly innocuous assumption, given that individuals are taken to possess a common preference for selecting the better alternative. However, in the model analyzed here we find that sincere behavior by all individuals is not rational even when individuals have such a common preference. In particular, sincere voting does not constitute a Nash equilibrium. A satisfactory rational choice foundation for the claim that majorities invariably “do better” than individuals, therefore, has yet to be derived.

References

15