Pain · 1980 · 220 citations · 9 references
NursingHealth BehaviorPsychologyPain ManagementPain MedicinePain ScienceCouples AssessmentCouples TherapyPain AssessmentPain MeasurementPain PsychologyBehavioral Responses To PainDiscriminative StimulusInterpersonal Factors In PainObserver DesignPain Reporting
Twenty married chronic pain patients (pain duration > 8 mo.) consecutively admitted to a pain management program were administered a taped structured interview designed to elucidate the responses of their spouses to pain behavior. Additionally, patients were required to report their pain levels in two different observational conditions: when observed by their spouse and when observed by a "neutral observer", the ward clerk. Those patients who reported that their spouses were relatively non-solicitous in responding to pain behavior reported significantly lower pain levels in the spouse-observing condition than in the neutral-observer condition. Patients who reported that their spouses were relatively solicitous in responding to pain behavior reported marginally higher levels of pain in the spouse-observing condition than in the neutral-observer condition.
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A Self-Rating Depression Scale
William W.K. Zung · Archives of General Psychiatry · 1965 · 9.7K citations · Full text
The Psychology of Animal Learning
Winfred F. Hill, N. J. Mackintosh · The American Journal of Psychology · 1976 · 2.4K citations
The psychology of animal learning
Stephen E. G. Lea · Animal Behaviour · 1975 · 2.1K citations
Contingencies of reinforcement: A theoretical analysis
H. J. Eysenck · Behavior Therapy · 1970 · 1.4K citations
Operant conditioning in the treatment of chronic pain