Organic Letters · 2012 · 125 citations · 54 references
Natural SciencesChemistryCatalysisOrganic ChemistryReaction EngineeringCatalyst PreparationCatalytic MaterialsCatalytic MechanismsCatalytic Reaction EngineeringCross-coupling ReactionsHeterocyclic ChemistryC - C Coupling ReactionsCross CouplingCross-coupling CatalysisHeteroaromatic CompoundsKumada CouplingMild Reaction ConditionsNickel CatalystsNickel-catalyzed Cross-coupling
The complex (IPr)Ni(allyl)Cl (IPr = 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazolidene) catalyzes the cross-coupling reactions of heteroaromatic chlorides with aryl Grignard reagents. Catalyst loadings as low as 0.1 mol % have been used to afford the products in excellent yields. This nickel-based catalytic system also promotes the activation of the C(Ar)-O bond of anisoles in the Kumada-Tamao-Corriu reaction under fairly mild conditions.
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The Atom Economy—A Search for Synthetic Efficiency
Ei‐ichi Negishi, Anthony O. King, Nobuhisa Okukado · The Journal of Organic Chemistry · 1977 · 890 citations