Influence of the Halogen Ligand on the Near-UV−Visible Spectrum of [Ru(X)(Me)(CO)₂(α-diimine)] (X = Cl, I; α-Diimine = Me-DAB, iPr-DAB; DAB = 1,4-Diaza-1,3-butadiene):  An ab Initio and TD-DFT Analysis

Abstract

The near-UV-vis electronic spectroscopy of [Ru(X)(Me)(CO)(2)(iPr-DAB)] (X = Cl or I; iPr-DAB = N,N'-di-isopropyl-1,4-diaza-1,3-butadiene) is investigated through CASSCF/CASPT2 and TD-DFT calculations on the model complexes [Ru(X)(Me)(CO)(2)(Me-DAB)] (X = Cl or I). Convergence of the calculated transition energies for the low-lying metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (MLCT), X-to-ligand charge-transfer (XLCT, X halide ligand), or sigma-bond-to-ligand charge-transfer (SBLCT) to experimental values is analyzed for both methods. On the basis of these accurate calculations, it is shown that whereas the lowest singlet state can be assigned to a nearly pure XLCT state in [Ru(I)(Me)(CO)(2)(Me-DAB)], its character is mainly MLCT in [Ru(Cl)(Me)(CO)(2)(Me-DAB)]. These results are in agreement with time-resolved emission/IR and resonance Raman experimental data. The experimental UV-vis bands are well reproduced by the CASSCF/CASPT2 calculations. The TD-DFT transition energies to the long-range charge transfer states are dramatically affected by the nature of the functional, with lowering leading to meaningless values in the case of nonhybrid functionals. Both methods reproduce well the red shift of the absorption bands on going from the chloride to the iodide complex as well as the shift of the strongly absorbing higher MLCT transition from the visible to the UV domain of energy.