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Chronic morphine potentiates the inflammatory response by disrupting interleukin-1β modulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis

InflammationMolecular PharmacologyStress HormoneEndocrine MechanismChronic MorphineMedicinePhysiologyInflammatory ResponseNeuroendocrine MechanismHypothalamic PeptideNeuropharmacologyNeuroscienceHypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal AxisGlucocorticoidEndocrinologyPharmacologyNeuroimmunology